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Radionuclide Dosimetric Data Sheets
Thulium-176
Summary data
General
Classification
Isotope: Tm-176
Atomic number (Z): 69
Mass number (A): 176
Neutron number (N): 107
Radioactive decay
Decay modes: β-
Half-life: 1.85 [m]
Decay constant: 6.2446e-03 [1/s]
Daughters: Yb-176 (100.0%)
Radioactive daughters: None
Dosimetric constants
Mean alpha energy: 0.0 [MeV]
Mean electron energy: 0.99716 [MeV]
Mean photon energy: 1.96821 [MeV]
Air kerma rate constant, Γ10: 6.547e-17 [Gy·m2/Bq·s]
Air kerma coefficient, Kair: 6.547e-17 [Gy·m2/Bq·s]
Equilibrium dose constant for weakly-penetrating radiations (α and/or
electrons), Δwp: 1.598e-13 [Gy·kg/Bq·s]
Equilibrium dose constant for alphas, Δα: 0.000e+00
[Gy·kg/Bq·s]
Equilibrium dose constant for betas/electrons, Δβ-,β+,e-:
1.598e-13 [Gy·kg/Bq·s]
Equilibrium dose constant for photons, Δp: 3.153e-13
[Gy·kg/Bq·s]
Dose point kernels (plot)
Dose point kernel source: Graves, et al. Medical Physics. 2019 Nov.; 46(11):5284-5293.
Note: Bins are spaced every 0.1 mm until a radius of 10 cm, and every 1 mm until a radius of 2 m.
Download tabulated dose point kernel file here: www.mirdsoft.org/products/MIRDspecs/Tm-176 DPK.csv
Summary spectra (plot)
Spectra source: ICRP Publication 107: Nuclear Decay Data for Dosimetric Calculations. Ann. ICRP 2008, 38 (3).
Download tabulated summary spectra file here: www.mirdsoft.org/products/MIRDspecs/Tm-176 Summary Spectrum.csv
Beta spectra (plot)
Spectra source: ICRP Publication 107: Nuclear Decay Data for Dosimetric Calculations. Ann. ICRP 2008, 38 (3).
Download tabulated beta spectra file here: www.mirdsoft.org/products/MIRDspecs/Tm-176 Beta Spectrum.csv
Tabulated data
Summary spectra (table)
Spectra source: ICRP Publication 107: Nuclear Decay Data for Dosimetric Calculations. Ann. ICRP 2008, 38 (3).
Note: Radiations with yield < 0.01 are excluded from the table, but are available in the linked *.csv data.
Download tabulated summary spectra file here: www.mirdsoft.org/products/MIRDspecs/Tm-176 Summary Spectrum.csv
|
Energy [MeV] |
Yield [#/nt] if > 0.01 |
Radiation type |
|
8.68192e-06 |
9.622e+00 |
X-ray |
|
1.50222e-03 |
2.394e-02 |
X-ray |
|
7.40529e-03 |
8.409e-02 |
X-ray |
|
8.41451e-03 |
7.546e-02 |
X-ray |
|
8.74936e-03 |
1.436e-02 |
X-ray |
|
9.79888e-03 |
1.345e-02 |
X-ray |
|
5.14483e-02 |
1.009e-01 |
X-ray |
|
5.25072e-02 |
1.779e-01 |
X-ray |
|
5.92804e-02 |
1.875e-02 |
X-ray |
|
5.95058e-02 |
3.623e-02 |
X-ray |
|
8.22000e-02 |
1.156e-01 |
Gamma |
|
1.89800e-01 |
4.454e-01 |
Gamma |
|
2.34200e-01 |
3.128e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.38400e-01 |
2.414e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.39700e-01 |
8.364e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.41900e-01 |
1.020e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.55200e-01 |
1.020e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.89100e-01 |
1.360e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.92900e-01 |
3.366e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.99700e-01 |
2.958e-02 |
Gamma |
|
3.30500e-01 |
8.330e-02 |
Gamma |
|
3.43500e-01 |
6.222e-02 |
Gamma |
|
3.66500e-01 |
1.428e-02 |
Gamma |
|
3.81800e-01 |
2.176e-01 |
Gamma |
|
4.10600e-01 |
4.250e-02 |
Gamma |
|
4.51500e-01 |
1.258e-02 |
Gamma |
|
4.57100e-01 |
2.618e-02 |
Gamma |
|
4.78000e-01 |
1.088e-02 |
Gamma |
|
4.82200e-01 |
2.108e-02 |
Gamma |
|
6.21700e-01 |
3.128e-02 |
Gamma |
|
7.74800e-01 |
1.156e-02 |
Gamma |
|
8.09200e-01 |
1.802e-02 |
Gamma |
|
8.52800e-01 |
1.054e-02 |
Gamma |
|
9.00400e-01 |
2.516e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.01190e+00 |
1.462e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.05010e+00 |
6.936e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.06930e+00 |
3.400e-01 |
Gamma |
|
1.08830e+00 |
5.508e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.11110e+00 |
4.998e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.12140e+00 |
1.020e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.17880e+00 |
2.924e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.25410e+00 |
1.938e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.25880e+00 |
6.120e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.26090e+00 |
2.176e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.28240e+00 |
1.734e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.34950e+00 |
1.428e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.58930e+00 |
2.720e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.97090e+00 |
2.312e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.62160e+00 |
2.720e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.68200e+00 |
1.292e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.86800e+00 |
1.734e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.87190e+00 |
2.006e-02 |
Gamma |
|
2.91470e+00 |
3.944e-02 |
Gamma |
|
3.09600e-01 |
7.839e-02 |
Beta |
|
3.62338e-01 |
3.390e-02 |
Beta |
|
4.01807e-01 |
9.004e-02 |
Beta |
|
4.03464e-01 |
3.284e-02 |
Beta |
|
5.74273e-01 |
1.483e-02 |
Beta |
|
5.98457e-01 |
1.271e-02 |
Beta |
|
6.77876e-01 |
1.059e-02 |
Beta |
|
7.39226e-01 |
3.814e-02 |
Beta |
|
7.82824e-01 |
2.860e-01 |
Beta |
|
1.09791e+00 |
2.331e-01 |
Beta |
|
1.57957e+00 |
1.695e-01 |
Beta |
|
9.33705e-06 |
8.362e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
1.88609e-05 |
1.187e+00 |
Auger electron |
|
1.54795e-04 |
3.485e+00 |
Auger electron |
|
2.43717e-04 |
1.050e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
2.63876e-04 |
6.107e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
8.32982e-04 |
7.375e-02 |
Auger electron |
|
1.25846e-03 |
1.416e+00 |
Auger electron |
|
1.43172e-03 |
6.402e-02 |
Auger electron |
|
5.84101e-03 |
4.702e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
7.33234e-03 |
1.696e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
8.85373e-03 |
1.556e-02 |
Auger electron |
|
2.07590e-02 |
1.669e-01 |
Conversion electron |
|
3.44590e-02 |
2.697e-02 |
Conversion electron |
|
4.19611e-02 |
1.218e-02 |
Auger electron |
|
7.17460e-02 |
1.703e-02 |
Conversion electron |
|
7.22074e-02 |
2.387e-01 |
Conversion electron |
|
7.32662e-02 |
2.391e-01 |
Conversion electron |
|
8.02648e-02 |
1.226e-01 |
Conversion electron |
|
8.22000e-02 |
3.235e-02 |
Conversion electron |
|
1.28359e-01 |
8.517e-02 |
Conversion electron |
|
1.78259e-01 |
2.103e-02 |
Conversion electron |
|
1.79807e-01 |
2.031e-02 |
Conversion electron |
|
1.80866e-01 |
1.525e-02 |
Conversion electron |
|
1.87865e-01 |
1.090e-02 |
Conversion electron |
|
3.20359e-01 |
1.567e-02 |
Conversion electron |
Useful Links
Isotope decay characteristics are periodically updated as better measurements can be made - changes that may not be reflected on this page. Please see useful links:
National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC): https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat3/mird/
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Livechart: https://www-nds.iaea.org/relnsd/vcharthtml/VChartHTML.html
Reference Links
ICRP Report 107: https://www.icrp.org/publication.asp?id=ICRP%20Publication%20107
Graves et al. Dose Point Kernels: https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.13789
MIRD Decay Schemes 2nd Edition: https://sites.snmmi.org/SNMMI-MAIN/iCore/Store/StoreLayouts/Item_Detail.aspx?iProductCode=0-932004-80-6
MIRDsoft MIRDspecs version 20250101 (www.mirdsoft.org)
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