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Radionuclide Dosimetric Data Sheets
Thallium-194
Summary data
General
Classification
Isotope: Tl-194
Atomic number (Z): 81
Mass number (A): 194
Neutron number (N): 113
Radioactive decay
Decay modes: β+, Electron capture
Half-life: 33.0 [m]
Decay constant: 3.5007e-04 [1/s]
Daughters: Hg-194 (100.0%)
Radioactive daughters: Hg-194
Dosimetric constants
Mean alpha energy: 0.0 [MeV]
Mean electron energy: 0.59718 [MeV]
Mean photon energy: 0.91433 [MeV]
Air kerma rate constant, Γ10: 2.525e-17 [Gy·m2/Bq·s]
Air kerma coefficient, Kair: 3.816e-17 [Gy·m2/Bq·s]
Equilibrium dose constant for weakly-penetrating radiations (α and/or
electrons), Δwp: 9.568e-14 [Gy·kg/Bq·s]
Equilibrium dose constant for alphas, Δα: 0.000e+00
[Gy·kg/Bq·s]
Equilibrium dose constant for betas/electrons, Δβ-,β+,e-:
9.568e-14 [Gy·kg/Bq·s]
Equilibrium dose constant for photons, Δp: 1.465e-13
[Gy·kg/Bq·s]
Dose point kernels (plot)
Dose point kernel source: Graves, et al. Medical Physics. 2019 Nov.; 46(11):5284-5293.
Note: Bins are spaced every 0.1 mm until a radius of 10 cm, and every 1 mm until a radius of 2 m.
Download tabulated dose point kernel file here: www.mirdsoft.org/products/MIRDspecs/Tl-194 DPK.csv
Summary spectra (plot)
Spectra source: ICRP Publication 107: Nuclear Decay Data for Dosimetric Calculations. Ann. ICRP 2008, 38 (3).
Download tabulated summary spectra file here: www.mirdsoft.org/products/MIRDspecs/Tl-194 Summary Spectrum.csv
Beta spectra (plot)
Spectra source: ICRP Publication 107: Nuclear Decay Data for Dosimetric Calculations. Ann. ICRP 2008, 38 (3).
Download tabulated beta spectra file here: www.mirdsoft.org/products/MIRDspecs/Tl-194 Beta Spectrum.csv
Tabulated data
Summary spectra (table)
Spectra source: ICRP Publication 107: Nuclear Decay Data for Dosimetric Calculations. Ann. ICRP 2008, 38 (3).
Note: Radiations with yield < 0.01 are excluded from the table, but are available in the linked *.csv data.
Download tabulated summary spectra file here: www.mirdsoft.org/products/MIRDspecs/Tl-194 Summary Spectrum.csv
|
Energy [MeV] |
Yield [#/nt] if > 0.01 |
Radiation type |
|
1.47030e-05 |
9.130e+00 |
X-ray |
|
2.22229e-03 |
2.990e-02 |
X-ray |
|
9.98619e-03 |
8.788e-02 |
X-ray |
|
1.18592e-02 |
5.570e-02 |
X-ray |
|
1.19285e-02 |
1.659e-02 |
X-ray |
|
1.38758e-02 |
1.113e-02 |
X-ray |
|
6.90989e-02 |
1.591e-01 |
X-ray |
|
7.10661e-02 |
2.696e-01 |
X-ray |
|
8.00792e-02 |
2.978e-02 |
X-ray |
|
8.05161e-02 |
5.764e-02 |
X-ray |
|
8.27860e-02 |
1.375e-02 |
X-ray |
|
3.95500e-01 |
1.500e-02 |
Gamma |
|
4.03900e-01 |
1.800e-02 |
Gamma |
|
4.28200e-01 |
6.750e-01 |
Gamma |
|
5.11000e-01 |
6.667e-01 |
Annihilation photon |
|
6.36300e-01 |
1.575e-01 |
Gamma |
|
6.45200e-01 |
9.000e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.04030e+00 |
3.750e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.07330e+00 |
3.000e-02 |
Gamma |
|
1.29805e+00 |
1.791e-02 |
Positron |
|
1.44640e+00 |
2.090e-02 |
Positron |
|
1.47619e+00 |
3.582e-02 |
Positron |
|
1.76927e+00 |
1.791e-01 |
Positron |
|
1.91047e+00 |
7.960e-02 |
Positron |
|
4.20433e-05 |
2.067e+00 |
Auger electron |
|
6.98763e-05 |
3.024e+00 |
Auger electron |
|
1.74616e-04 |
1.590e+00 |
Auger electron |
|
4.15030e-04 |
3.344e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
8.28676e-04 |
1.053e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
1.80738e-03 |
8.214e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
2.03977e-03 |
9.078e-02 |
Auger electron |
|
7.64509e-03 |
2.470e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
9.85327e-03 |
1.056e-01 |
Auger electron |
|
1.20889e-02 |
1.090e-02 |
Auger electron |
|
5.57212e-02 |
1.412e-02 |
Auger electron |
|
3.44847e-01 |
1.868e-02 |
Conversion electron |
Useful Links
Isotope decay characteristics are periodically updated as better measurements can be made - changes that may not be reflected on this page. Please see useful links:
National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC): https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat3/mird/
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Livechart: https://www-nds.iaea.org/relnsd/vcharthtml/VChartHTML.html
Reference Links
ICRP Report 107: https://www.icrp.org/publication.asp?id=ICRP%20Publication%20107
Graves et al. Dose Point Kernels: https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.13789
MIRD Decay Schemes 2nd Edition: https://sites.snmmi.org/SNMMI-MAIN/iCore/Store/StoreLayouts/Item_Detail.aspx?iProductCode=0-932004-80-6
MIRDsoft MIRDspecs version 20250101 (www.mirdsoft.org)
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